University of Defense Technology Laser Gyro innovation team to remain, 43 contained three generations of research, and finally making China the following United States, France and Russia, the world's first four laser gyro with independent research capabilities, for our country to break the international monopoly in precision strike navigation and positioning weapons, attitude measurement and control, precision-guided, platform stability and other aspects of comprehensive catch up with world powers laid an important foundation. However, the small gyro How to contact with defense science and technology together, laser gyro what many people may not understand.
"Gyroscopic principle" and the traditional gyro
Gyro start talking. Many people certainly played a child a toy gyroscope "Ice Monkey." Round toe body "Ice Monkey" on the ground, with a rope made of whip whip "Ice Monkey", "monkey body" will be able to turn up, the more ruthless with a whip, the more quickly it will turn, not will fall. In everyday life, we also found that: If an object is rotating very fast, it will steadily stand in one place without moving speed fast enough, even if the tablet tilt some, it still will not fall, and the shaft is always point to a fixed direction. This is the "fixed axis characteristic" of the object.
Scientists use "fixed axis properties" manufactured that orientation and positioning gyroscopes, fixed-axis direction by the gyro axis compared with the carrier right, will be able to draw the right direction and the instantaneous position of transport carrier. The core components in gyroscope, and then assemble the inertial navigation systems or guidance systems. Therefore, the gyroscope is the aerospace, aviation, navigation equipment and a lot of weapons and equipment in combat indispensable positioning and navigation devices.
Traditional gyro inertial mainly refers electromechanical gyro, but its stability as well as orientation and positioning accuracy is not enough, can not meet the requirements of modern precision strike weapons. Researchers have been hoping to find a better gyroscope to help carriers precise position and orientation, stable operation, better play to the effectiveness of weapons, laser gyro is undoubtedly a good substitute.
What is laser gyro?
Technology definitions: laser gyro, the scientific name "ring laser." Is actually a non-quality optical gyroscope, a ring laser using inertial space when rotating with the forward and reverse rotation of the two light beams generated by the effect of the frequency difference, measured in relation to the object sensitive to angular velocity or angular inertial space, and thus the direction of a measuring object, and so on.
Principle: a light beam is divided by the beam splitter into two beams of light are identical, the ring light into the same circuit, namely opposite clockwise and counterclockwise propagation. If the loop so that the light axis perpendicular to the spin axis of its own, it will produce a phase difference between the two beams of light, the performance of the interference light is measured using a phase difference, and then come to the rotational angular velocity of the lightwave circuit. If the loop is made of a light ring laser, which is a good direction of light propagation, bunching strong, excellent coherence laser, and therefore formed to determine the direction and attitude and have a quick search through the north and the angular velocity sensitive stabilizing effect of laser gyro.
The main functions: navigation and positioning is mainly used for precision strike weapons, attitude measurement and control, platform stabilization, to provide better protection for their effective completion of combat missions.
The main application in the military
First, the laser gyro for navigation and guidance needed to provide real-time heading, speed, altitude, attitude and other spatial location information for all types of aircraft and precision strike weapons. So fighters reliable and flexible high-speed tactical flight maneuvers, and the range and precision strike weapons hit accuracy has been greatly improved. It also for mobile launchers of ballistic missiles, cruise missiles north seeking to provide orientation benchmarks so that they can achieve rapid directional positioning, accurately hit the target.
Secondly, to provide heading, flight depth, speed and location of baseline data for ships, submarines and guided torpedoes. That they do not depend on any external information, real-time navigation can be performed independently.
Third, as an important part of the stability and regulation of the system. Make tanks, armored vehicles and other land combat vehicles in the road, real-time perception Yang and other actions on the body under the stoop, automatic cannon and machine guns and other weapons will be stable in the original direction and location to ensure weapon aiming and shooting from the vehicle when traveling Effect of process.
Fourth, as an important part of the spacecraft attitude and orbit control system to help maintain the correct posture satellite to the antenna beam can be aligned with the Earth's coverage area, complete forwarding and spread on the ground signals and accurate detection of targets on the ground always.
Fifth, for the rocket's inertial guidance system. Guidance and control systems to simplify the structure and reduce the difficulty of controlling the rocket, and enhance the stability of the rocket's flight, while reducing the weight of the rocket launch, increasing rocket carrying capacity, improve the accuracy of the spacecraft's orbit and orbit capability and maneuverability .
Conclusion
Laser Gyro has many important military applications, as technology advances, its performance will be better and better, completely replace traditional electromechanical gyroscope, better reflect and in inertial navigation, guidance systems and attitude control and stabilization systems play a central role in enhancing their navigation, attitude control, precision-guided capabilities, significantly enhance the combat missile for precision strike weapons represented.
